Essay about Should We Legalize Marijuana in Canada

To Legalize or to Not Legalize: The Debate Behind Marijuana in Canada The legalization of marijuana is an issue that consistently discussed and debated, not only in North America, but throughout the entire world. Despite being illegal in every country, marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the world. The popularity of this drug is the cause for the continuous legalization debate, resulting in various legislations pertaining to the consumption of the substance. Every country has its own stance on the issue, however, the Netherlands has a unique policy on marijuana use: it is decriminalized, classified as a soft drug and possession is limited to 5 grams in public or 30 grams in a private area. There are also Dutch†¦show more content†¦In addition, legalization would create a plethora of new job opportunities in various sectors such as: agriculture, transportation, distribution and retail. These jobs would be created as the government would begin to produce and regulate the sale of marijuana. Legalization could also potentially reduce legal costs associated the persecution of those involved in the purchasing and sale of marijuana. Law enforcement services would no longer be required to heavily persecute marijuana usage, thus resulting in the opportunity for those resources to be used elsewhere. Marijuana would create new avenues for government income and saving, therefore positively contributing to the economic health of the nation. Illegal drug sales/trafficking is one of the greatest sources of income for organized crime, and will continue to be so as long as they remain in control of the drug market. By legalizing and regulating the sale of marijuana, this income stream for organized crime would be heavily impacted. Criminals rely on the massive profits produced by the low supply/high demand trend that is currently seen in the drug black market. Once legalized, there will be plenty of legal producers and suppliers, which would result in the price per unit of marijuana to dip significantly. Since legal suppliers will most likely have the resources to produce better quality product with better prices, the black market producers may not be able to compete.Show MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana was first criminalized in 1923 when it was added to the narcotics act. In 1971 the LeDain commission recommended the decriminalization of simple possessions of marijuana, followed by the legalization of medical marijuana in 2001. Currently, the liberal government is taking steps towards their promise, to legalize marijuana, made during the 2015 election. Currently, there are laws that regulate the use of marijuana in Canada. It is illegal to possess or sell marijuana for non-medial purposesRead MoreMarijuana Prohibition Canada1372 Words   |  6 PagesThe Controlled Substances Act (Marijuana Prohibition) CLN-4U Unit One Essay Cailey Bazik CLN 4U – Unit One Essay Controlled Substances Act Marijuana Prohibition The Controlled substance act pertaining to Marijuana has been a long on going battle as to whether marijuana should be legal in Canada and taken out of this act. The law behind the drug has a long history and many failed attempts at decriminalization. There are both positive and negative effects to this law, but I believe theRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1579 Words   |  7 PagesLegalize Marijuana Marijuana consumption has become a very prominent sub-culture within the United States with users including virtually everyone from teenagers to the elderly people. Some individuals use it because they enjoy the feeling they get from smoking or eating it, whereas others use it for medical reasons. Marijuana is starting to become decriminalized in most states, with Colorado and Washington having already made it legal for recreational use. Moreover, a handful of states throughoutRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?924 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana is contervisol topic all around the world, some countries like Amsterdam and states in the United States have legalized marijuana, and this has put preasure onto other countries to legalize. Marijuana is also referred as weed, herb, and pot and is derived from a plant called cannabis sativa, also known as hemp plant. The cannabis plant produces THC, which stands for tetrahydrocannabinol, and there are over 85+ individual cannabinoids, w hich are found in marijuana, but THC is responsibleRead Morelegalizing marijuana1044 Words   |  5 PagesLegalization of Marijuana Cannabis sativa or marijuana, is most known for its euphoric psychological effects when consumed. Many Canadians take part in the use of marijuana which has been illegal in Canada since the early 1900s. The topic of marijuana legalization in Canada has been a highly controversial topic over the last century. It has been discussed recently in the news due to Washington and Colorado both voting to legalize marijuana in November of 2012. The Liberal and Conservative partiesRead MoreIt Is Time to Legalize Marijana1700 Words   |  7 PagesLegalize It! Growing up, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?951 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana is the mixture of dried, shredded flowers and leaves that comes from the hemp plant. It was brought over from Europe to North America around the 1600s. American production of hemp was encouraged by the government in the 17th century for the production of rope, sails, and clothing. Everyone thinks that marijuana is a harmful drug, but it has not been fully researched, we are still discovering new things from it every day. In the United States and around the world, scientists extract chemicalsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1224 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Many different web pages and read over the information that they provided and this is what is found. The debit for this topic is all over the place some say we should some say we should not legalize marijuana. The three main topics that will going to go more into depth with are the medical benefits, monetary benefits and the renewable benefits. But first, let a bit about marijuana, so other names for it is weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane to name a few. Marijuana can beRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana For Recreational Use1071 Words   |  5 Pages2017 Legalization of marijuana for recreational use in Canada The Federal Government promises to legalize marijuana in Canada. But it should be revised in accounting to those pot legalization strategies and results gained in other parts of the World. I do not agree with the fact that Marijuana should be legalised for recreational purposes in Canada because there are short term and long term effects which affect both the individual and the society in a negative manner. If we look upon an individualRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?985 Words   |  4 PagesLegalize Marijuana Despite what people believe about marijuana, it hasn’t once proved to be the cause of any real issue. It makes you wonder what the reason as to why there is a war on drugs. Why is marijuana the main concern? Since the time that alcohol and tobacco became legal, people wonder why marijuana isn’t legal yet. The fact that marijuana is illegal is mainly caused by the amount of money, jobs, and pride invested in the drug war. Once the government starts anything, they stick to it. At

The Ethical Codes Of Human Research Ethics - 1035 Words

Another key development of Psychology as a science was the implementation of ethical codes of conduct in regards to both humans and animals. Milgram’s (1963) obedience experiment prompted various issues related to human research ethics. In Milgram’s initial experiment, participants were asked to electric shock others in order to test their level of obedience to an authority figure. According to the British Psychological Society (BPS) Code of Human Research Ethics (2010), Milgram put the studies participants at more than minimal risk as the research brought on visible levels of psychological distress and anxiety – some participants were noted to be trembling and sweating, and three participants had uncontrollable seizures (Milgram,†¦show more content†¦The monkeys used showed clear signs of emotional distress, and the results were not generalizable to humans, meaning that the research was meaningless and therefore discouraged by the American Veterinary Medical Association (n.d.). This is further supported by the BPS Code of Human Ethics (2010) principle of Social Responsibility, which states that psychological research must be beneficial, and psychologists themselves have a duty of welfare to human and non-human beings. In order to avoid unnecessary experimentation in the UK, the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (Elizabeth II, 1986) was enacted, which states that all researchers who wish to use animals in experiments must apply for three specific licences (personal, project and establishment). Their proposal must include the justification of the cost to the animal against the potential benefits of the research, as well as detailing efforts made to use non-animal alternatives, reduce the number of animals used and to refine the experimental methodology to reduce any potential suffering (Russel and Burch, 1959). The Secretary of State may then approve or reject the licence applications/proposal. Furthermore, the Nation al Centre for the Replacement Refinement Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, 2010) published the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines, which are used to improve research conditions for animals (e.g. improve the design, analysis etc.)Show MoreRelatedCode of ethics serves as the moral compass that directs and guides the integrity, values, and1500 Words   |  6 PagesCode of ethics serves as the moral compass that directs and guides the integrity, values, and beliefs of an organization. A code of ethics clarifies to employees what the company stands for and its expectations for employee conduct (Daft, 2013). A well-written code is a true commitment to responsible business practices in that it outlines specific procedures to handle ethical failures. Within the research enterprise, the code of ethics ensures that research projects involving human subjects areRead MoreEthical Principles, Morals And Values Of A Company Or Organization Essay1612 Wo rds   |  7 PagesCode of ethics, are implemented to educate employees on the ethical principles, morals and values of a company or organization. Organizations such as the National Association for Social Workers (NASW), and the National Organization for Human Services (NOHS) have ethical codes in place for individuals working within the Human Services field. The American Psychological Association (APA) have ethical principles for psychologists. Furthermore, journalist’s and corporations have ethical codes they mustRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Workplace923 Words   |  4 Pagesaudience an overview of the ethics of the workplace related to the issues of ownership, privacy and monitoring in a working environment. There are practical examples to demonstrate how ethics play an important role in working environments related to information privacy but still there is less consensus on uniquely identifying specific ethical issues. Employees at different organization may define ethics from their own perspective which makes it difficult to implement code of conducts that have beenRead MoreExamination Of Past And Present Ethical Guidelines On Biomedical Research1368 Words   |  6 PagesEilidh Cowan Ethics of Biomedical Science Research Ioan Alexandru Beldean Examination of past and present ethical guidelines on biomedical research Ethics can be defined as a set of moral values informing one’s decisions. But this set of moral values can be influenced by many different things, such as various cultures, religions, and even technological advancements. This is called moral relativism, the idea that there are no real truths in ethics and what is right or wrong varies person by personRead MoreEthical Decision Making The Acme Way Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Ethical Decision Making†¦ Why Do We Need It? To understand â€Å"ethical decision making† it is best to break the phrase up. What is the definition of ethics? According to the website businessdictionary.com (2011), ethics are â€Å"basic concepts and fundamental principles of right human conduct.† It stands to reason that ethical decision making is the ability to make decisions based on core or base principles of correct human conduct. We at Acme Toy Company depend on employees at all levelsRead MoreUnethical And Criminal Behavior During The Prussian Parliament944 Words   |  4 PagesThe experiment with human subject was brought to an attention to the Prussian Parliament, when several unethical and criminal behaviors were traced in the field of research in Germany in the nineteenth century. The research was mainly conducted unethically in the hospitals, mainly without any informed consent. The turning point for the establishment of universal rule regarding human experiment was done after the case of Neisser, w here in 1898, Albert Neisser, who discovered the gonococcus and professorRead MoreUnderstanding Ethics Of Social Work1432 Words   |  6 Pages Understanding Ethics in Social Work Brandy Whatley Troy University April 15, 2016 Abstract As a professional practitioner in the field of social work a great practice is to develop a foundation structured around the ethical standard set by the National Association of Social Workers. Dilemmas can arise, creating issues that could have a massive effect on clients, families, clinicians, communities, and the organization involved. In order to find a solution to the issue(s)Read MoreEthics And Social Psychology Research775 Words   |  4 PagesEthics are a fundamentally crucial topic in social psychology research. Ethics encompass essential guidelines and codes of conduct that is taken into consideration before carrying out research. Although undergraduate and graduate curriculum in psychology acquaints students with the basic nature of ethical considerations and codes of conduct in research, however, it is likely that some of the most famous experiments in social psychology such as experiment by Stanley Milgram on â€Å"Behavioral Study ofRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Uneth ical Behavior869 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is ethics? What are some of the issues of ethics that occur in social research? How important is ethics in research? Ethics or moral philosophy involves, arranging, defending, and endorsing concepts of right and wrong conduct in society. The term ethics, according to Henry Sidgwick, derives from three great ethical philosophers of ancient Greece, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Conducting social research, without proper use knowledge pertaining to the code of conduct is violating human rightsRead MoreNational Association Of Social Workers1191 Words   |  5 PagesNational Association of Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics Overview National Association of Social Workers created a Code of Ethics to determine how and when social workers should conduct their work to ensure clients are being treated effectively. The mission of social workers is to enhance human well-being and help to meet the basic human needs of all people. (National Association of Social Workers, 2008) Social workers fundamentally focus on the forces that create, contribute to, and address

Survival Analysis and Regression Models †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Survival Analysis and Regression Models. Answer: Introduction This research is aimed to critically appraise the statistical method used in the selected paper and suggest the alternative analysis if there are any which can be performed. The current review paper has been organized in four different parts. The first is devoted to explain the data and research method used in the study. In the second section the results from the selected paper has been reviewed followed by the major limitation of the paper in the third section. Finally in the fourth section the alternative analysis method has been discussed. For the study, the researcher has picked up random sample of 211 Japanese women who were born in United States. Also the Japanese women who migrated from Japan to United State were also included in the data set. In the sample respondents in the age group 18 to 49 were included. This is the appropriate age group for the analysis, as the women younger than 198 years and more than 49 years are not expected to face partner violence, except in some cases. Also the author argued that the upper age limit was fixed as the systems of posttraumatic may be different for old females. So, the 211 samples were finally selected after the survey personal interview. The survey was initially sent out to 407 households, but only few households have responded(Yoshihama Horrock 2003). The problem with the data collection in this research paper is that only a certain ethnic group has been selected. The sampling was done on one strata which is Japanese American women. Since, the intimate partner for the samples here could be highly different. Most of the cases it would be a partner from the same ethnic group but few cases may be where the partner is from other ethnic group. So, the way this relationship exists might be little biased in the population. So, it would be difficult to generalize the results from the current study(Teddlie Yu 2007; Daniel 2011). Also, the survey has 52% response rate and the women with higher age were the group who has mostly not responded. Response rate could be been increased by offering some rewards in the form of money, gifts or some other form. But this leads to biasness in the surveys. In this case, the participants were given $20 each. Also the research should have focused on increasing the sample size by distributing the questionnaire to more people. The results are considered to be robust if the sample size is large. Also the results from the analysis can be generalized in case of large sample size. Furthermore, the dependent variable is a dichotomous variable, which flag the respondent whether they have experienced PSTD in their lifetime. In other words the dependent variable will take only the value 1 or 0(George et al. 2014). Also, the time at which they experienced for the first time has been updated for each respondent. Since the researcher is using survival analysis to find out the time the event occurs first, the selection of age group is very critical. Most of the data would be censored since the respondents are yet to experience this kind of event. Inclusion of people at less age might leads to more observations with censored data. One major challenge with the data would be to get accurate time of event for each respondent. Since, the data has been collected at one point time rather than observing over the period of time, it might affect the results. Research methodology Since the nature of the study is to understand the time taken for any event (in this case PSTD) to happen, the researcher have used survival analysis which is one of the most appropriate techniques for this kind of analysis. One of most important task in survival analysis is correctly identify the population and collect relevant data. There are 3 possibilities in terms of data(Cierniak Reimann 2011; Mangal Mangal 2013). Firstly, group of observations where the event has occurred within the period of examination. In this case it is between 18-49 years. Secondly, possibility would be that the respondent is dropped from the study within this period. Last possibility would be the observations where the event did not occurred within the range of study which is basically the censored observations. The data has not been ordered in the above graph but the graph could be provided with the data ordered by those categories. There are three major functions that can be presented in the survival analysis. To get the probability of subjects survival after the time period t survival analysis is used. The hazard function, h(t), is the instantaneous rate at which events occur, provided that no previous events. The CIF (Cumulative Incidence function) at time t would be 1 minus the survival function. In this article the researcher has used SAS functionality to perform the survival analysis. They have used Cox proportional hazard models for the analysis. So, this model has few assumptions that are very critical to understand before go to the results. It assumes the parametric form of the effects of the explanatory variables though it allows an unspecified form of the underlying survival function. This method is used for time to event kind of analysis is non-parametric. This is usually used to describe survivorship of study population. Basically, median survival time is calculated using the method. Also, it is commonly used to compare two study populations. It is a parametric model. It is used to find the relationship between covariates and the hazard of experiencing an event, and a partial likelihood approach to estimate the model parameters. One of most important rule in Cox model ( with time dependent covariates) is similar to that of gambling.g.i.eone cannot predict the future.. This is because acovariate may change according to the past data or outcomes, however it may not reach forward in time (Yoshihama Horrock 2003; Monem A Mohammed 2014). The major advantage of the cox regression models is that it allows comparing the hazards for the different explanatory variables. But the cox model has major assumptions in terms of proportional hazard. In other words survival curves for two strata must have hazard functions which are proportional over the period of time (Monem A Mohammed 2014). Results and discussion Out of all 211 respondents, 115 have reported for having experienced intimate partner violence 30 had experienced PTSD sometime in the past. The CIF plot is given as below. This plot shows that the cumulative probability of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD) by age of respondent. For the higher age group the probability of experiencing PSTD is also high. Few age groups there is sudden jump in the probability. For example, for the age group 49 the probability suddenly jumps up very high. However, the article has not properly provided the hazard function against each covariate. Graphical presentation of the hazard function would have helped in validating the assumption also to clearly interpret the results. The problem with the analysis is that most of the respondent did not experience the event till 49 years. The assumption that was made for the analysis that most of the women would experience the intimate partner violence during their teens might not be correct. Thorough study on when people start their intimate life (especially for Japanese American group) was not done. Based on the age when their intimation starts then only the time horizon should have decided for censoring. So, out of total population 28% were censored data which makes the analysis biased. The authors direct claim might be valid that PTSD was mainly caused due to intimate partner violence but the article doesnt give any references for the work done to understand other causes of the event. Exploration of other factors should be done. Also, the time of the event might not be completely true. PTSD might have been discovered very late for respondent. Generally, people take time to completely behave on certain way. However, the use of Cox regression with time varying covariate was significant without controlling for other factors. This method is dynamic provides the changing rates of PTSD over the life course as well as the changing number of individuals at risk. Based on the availability of the data, alternative methods could be used for performing the above analysis. This technique, their use limitations has been provided as well (Monem A Mohammed 2014; Lanfranchi et al. 2010). Limitations of the study The study by (Yoshihama Horrock 2003) suffers from several limitations. One of the major limitations is that the research assumed that the PTSD was caused by the intimate partner violence. However if may be the case that the trauma was due to some other reasons not related to PTSD. Similarly the results from both the cox regression and the chi square test showed that PTSD and intimate partner violence are only marginally related. However most of the previous studies have shown strong and positive relationship between the two variables(SABR et al. 2013). The difference in the results is may be the difference in the sample selection. As already discussed in the previous section also sample was collected from only one specific group and also the assumption that the trauma was caused by PTSD only leads to difference in results. A t-test is used to analysis the mean of two population usingstatistical methods. Generally A t-test is used in those cases where the sample size are relatively small. With small sample size t test helps in testing the difference in the samples. Also thevariancesof 2normal distributionsare unknown in case of t test.. T test used the t-statistic value, Degrees of freedom (DF) and the t-distribution to determine the probability of difference in two populations. In case of this test the test statistics is also popularly known as the t statistics. . However if there are more than two variables then the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test is used instead of t test. Some of the most important assumptions of t test are as follows: Xfollows a normal distribution with meanand variance2 ps2follows a2distributionwithpdegrees of freedomunder the null hypothesis, wherepis a positive constant Zandsareindependent. T-test could be alternative method for comparing the samples time to event for two different groups. But in this case, it will not be applicable as data includes observations which are censored. Since the data is censored iti will not follow the normal distribution. It will be highly skewed. Therefore, t-test is not suited for this kind of analysis. Itis one of the statistical method used to analyze the given dataset with one or 1 or more independent variables to determine an outcome(McCarty Hastak 2007). The outcome in this case is measured with a binary variable. In other words the depennet variable can only take two values. ( The aim of such regression is to find model which fits best in establishing the relationship between dependent and independent variables in the model. The dependent variable is also known as the response or the outomce variable whereas the independent variables is known as the explanatory variable or predictor variable. The assumptions of logistic regression: The conditional distribution y|x is a Bernoulli distribution rather than normal distribution as assumed in linear regression. The predicted values are bounded to (0,1) since the models gives probabilities as output. For the analysis that is performed in the paper logistic regression cannot be used since the event happening is observed over the period of time not by standing at one point. The logistic regression ignores the time factor involved for the event. The time taken for any person to reach to PTSD would be very critical for further analysis. Linear discriminant analysis(LDA) is a generalization ofwhat Fisher proposed as linear discriminant, a method used instatistics. It basically finds alinear combinationoffeaturesthat characterizes or separates 2 or more classes of events. It is used in biomedical studies. During retrospective analysis, patients are divided based on the severity of disease- like severe, mild, and moderate. The results of this analysis provide different significant factors for each group. The logrank test is a statistical test to compare survival distribution of two samples. This technique is mainly used if the data is rightly skewed censored. The groups are defined by categorical covariates. Under the assumption of proportional hazards it will perform better (Indrayan Bansal n.d.; Yoshihama Horrock 2003). References Cierniak, G. Reimann, P., 2011. Specification of Research Strategy and Methodology, Daniel, J., 2011. Sampling Essentials: Practical Guidelines for Making Sampling Choices, SAGE. George, B., Seals, S. Aban, I., 2014. Survival analysis and regression models. NCBI, 21(4), pp.686694. Indrayan, A. Bansal, A., The Methods of Survival Analysis for Clinicians, New Delhi. Lanfranchi, L.M.M.M., Viola, G.R. Nascimento, L.F.C., 2010. The use of Cox regression to estimate the risk factors of neonatal death in a private NICU, Taubate. Mangal, S.K. Mangal, S., 2013. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES, PHI learning pvt. ltd. McCarty, J.A. Hastak, M., 2007. . Segmentation approaches in data-mining: A comparison of RFM, CHAID, and logistic regression. Journal of business research, 60(6), pp.656662. Monem A Mohammed, 2014. Survival Analysis By Using Cox Regression Model with Application. International journal of scientific technology, 3(11). SABR, B. et al., 2013. Intimate Partner Violence, Depression, PTSD and Use of Mental Health Resources among Ethnically Diverse Black Women. NCBI, 52(4). Teddlie, C. Yu, F., 2007. Mixed Methods Sampling: A Typology With Examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), pp.77100. Available at: https://mmr.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/2345678906292430 [Accessed July 9, 2014]. Yoshihama, M. Horrock, J., 2003. The Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and PTSD: An Application of Cox Regression With Time-Varying Covariates. Journal of Traumatic Stress,, 16(4), pp.371380.

Operations and Logistics in Riordan Manufacturing Essay Example

Operations and Logistics in Riordan Manufacturing Essay Radians current operations ND logistics and suggestions for improvements will be described. Ordain Manufacturing Operations and Logistics Product Development Product development at Ordain Involves Idea generation, product design, detail engineering, market research and market analysis. This team is responsible for creating, modifying and releasing drawings and word drawings on CAD systems, designing and developing new products, and designing marketing research projects. The operations under product development also include analyzing results, designing and managing. Designing and producing of planned marketing orgasm, evaluating technical and economic factors, recommending engineering and manufacturing actions for attainment of design objectives of process of product is yet another operation under product development assisting in the success of Ordain. Quality Management- Quality team coordinates and directs quality control programs designed to ensure continuous production of products consistent with established standards (Apollo, 2004). Ordain takes quality management serious and the operations, which take place to ensure quality control, quality assurance, and laity Improvement as well as the measures taken to focus on product quality Is extensive and detailed. Operations and Logistics- Logistics team analyze production schedules and determine inbound and outbound logistics needed for assigned plants as well as direct and coordinate program activities with vendors and customers. Logistics team also schedule inbound and outbound shipments, compute freight rates, and direct and coordinate activities of international operations. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Logistics in Riordan Manufacturing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Logistics in Riordan Manufacturing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Logistics in Riordan Manufacturing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Warranty Service team receives records and distributes work orders to service crews upon customers quests for service (Apollo, 2004). Operations and Logistics Systems Ordain Manufacturing utilizes two systems In their operations and logistics Inventory System: used to enter material reception Information, processes. material usage, new inventory sub assembly and final product manufacturing, as well products Tanat nave Eden snapped to ten customer. system: Sales department keeps customer order information in this system. The shipping team uses this system to identify which products and quantity must they draw out of the inventory system. Shipping team also records truck number, date and mime of shipment for tracking purposes. A clerk manually enters most of inventory and shipping information into inventory as well customer shipping and billing systems. Material Reception: Receiving area supervisor received materials during the day, then delivers log to inventory clerk at the end of this. Clerk manually feeds the system. Manufacturing: Manufacturing staff completes inventory usage form; inventory clerk manually feeds system with this data. As manufacturing builds products, staff delivers a form to inventory clerk for manually updating the system tit new inventory information. Shipping: Shipping team fulfills orders based on customer shipping and billing system information. Inventory clerk updates inventory system based on what has been shipped to customer. Ordain Manufacturing Recommended Systems Ordain Manufacturing can greatly improve logistics of the process from raw goods to final products. Ideally, Ordain would be able to process under a zero inventory system. A shipment of raw goods would come in once a day to cover all orders for the day. The receiving area supervisor should have a hand held system here he can find the order of products and check off that it has arrived. This would let the manufacturing sector know that the raw goods are available to for use. The computer system, would then replace the need for the inventory clerk at this point in the process. Manufacturing the raw materials into a product will require the inventory clerk to keep track of what is going to manufacturing and assembly verse going to sub assembly and final productions. The inventory clerk should know where these goods are at all times. At the end of the shift the inventory clerk should have a detailed list f where all the products are in the manufacturing process. Orders are called in by the customers and are entered into the customer shipping and billing system. When the order is entered it should trigger a tally into the system that orders the raw materials. When the order is complete in the manufacturing phase it will be shipped out to the customer. When the order is placed on the truck the boxes should be scanned into a tracking system and will be removed from the inventory list. At the end of the day the inventory clerk will verify what the system says was shipped really was sent to the client. Conclusion There are several areas of improvement opportunity at Radians operations and logistics departments. The key is to minimize manual information gathering and move into a more automated system that can track inventory levels, materials placement, and material storage as well as shipment information accurately, seamlessly and in real time. The organization could benefit from the use of RIFF and Bar codes; nevertheless the technology is important but the process as well.

Long and Short Term Causes of the First World War

Long and Short Term Causes of the First World War Free Online Research Papers The First World War commenced in August 1914 and was directly caused by the killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife on the 28th June, 1914 by Gavrilo Princep, a revolutionary from Bosnia. Although this single event had triggered the First World War, the actual causes of the war are quite complicated and continue to be a matter of debate amongst historians. World War I was the result of rising tensions amongst European leaders due to the pattern of aggression that emerged against each other. This aggression received further support by way of the increasing nationalism that had spread into all countries in Europe. The fear arising from the high levels of economic and colonial competition and the increasing risk of war made most of the European countries to form military alliances that further led to an arms race. Consequently tensions kept escalating which ultimately led to the outbreak of World War I. At the outset, the immediate cause of the First World War was an incident and not a specific reason that had been brewing or planned by opponents of the assassinated leader. Franz Ferdinand was the heir apparent to the Austrian-Hungary Empire and while visiting the city of Bosnia became a victim of the assassin. The taking over of Bosnia by Austria had been viewed as an infringement of the citizen’s independent rights in governing their country. Despite the unwillingness of Bosnia, its capital city was taken over by Austria-Hungary which generated a lot of antagonism amongst the Serbian people. The assassination of Franz Ferdinand was viewed by Austria-Hungary as an insult and it felt intimidated by Serbia. Austria-Hungary immediately reacted by taking defensive measures and started preparing for the war that now became inevitable. Turkey united with Austria-Hungary and Germany while on the opposite side Italy and Japan united with Russia, Britain and France. This m erger of nations came to be called the Triple Alliance (McKay p.889). While preparations for war were continuing, the United States chose to remain non committal for some time but eventually decided to unite with the Triple Alliance in view of its assessment of German strategies as being egocentric ambitions. During the Congress of Vienna in 1815, nationalism was largely ignored and instead, nations decided to preserve peace. However Italy and Germany were not a part of such understanding and continued to be divided states. The revolutions and nationalist movements in Italy culminated in Italy’s unification in 1861 while unification of Germany happened in 1871. The Franco Prussian War of 1870-71 had left France much disgruntled due to the loss of Alsace-Lorraine and Revanche. There were complications within the Balkans and Austria-Hungary in regard to nationalism because of the presence of several nationalist groups in these countries. There was a clash and conflict between the Pan-slavism of Serbia and Pan-Germanism of Austria-Hungary (McKay p. 884). The short term causes of World War I were the alliances and ententes that had become a practice with most European countries. As a result of the alliances there was tremendous pressure on leaders which led to rivalries on the international front as nations began to take sides and thus get ideologically divided on the basis of their political leanings. Imperialism was in the forefront from 1850 to 1914 and powerful nations competed with each other in colonialism. Nations used their military might in conquering weaker nations which began to be seen as an indication of power, wealth and high political status. Such a pattern encouraged more nations to adopt the practice of political expansion which resulted in more rivalry amongst nations. Amongst the royals, the British Crown held the maximum countries under its control; as much as 25% of the world was ruled by it. France and Russia were the biggest challenge to the British prior to getting into alliance with them in 1904 and 1907 respectively. The alliance with France and Russia was formed primarily to check the aggression by Germany in different parts of Europe. Britain also became a strong ally of America while it was at war with Spain. This alliance became very crucial for both countries especially after the commencement of World War I (McKay p. 905). Another short term reason for the war was commercial rivalry. The resentment between Austria and Serbia occurred by chance because of the economic issues relating to the piling up of huge arsenals. Britain was much ahead than other nations in terms of industrial and economic development and the competition was increasing rapidly to extract the maximum earnings from such activities. Although most European countries were in the race for industrial growth, Britain’s main economic rivals were Germany and America. The US had built massive infrastructure and attained immense wealth by 1914 because of its economic opulence, and after the commencement of the war, the US was best placed in supplying goods to Europe (McKay p. 883). This aspect of economic development had a deep meaning in being a cause for the outbreak of World War I. Britain and Russia were posing a grave threat to Germany in getting ahead economically, which made Germany to manipulate in forcing Russia to enga ge in war. The arms race was a long term cause that had major implications in making the European nations to go to war against each other. As one country acquired some weapons other countries raced to get hold of better ones in order to have the upper edge in acquiring the means for protection and defense. It was not long before most countries were deeply involved in the arms race. After suffering defeat at the hands of Prussia in 1870, France started acquiring more arms. Germany was not scared of France because of the armaments acquired, but because of the alliance France had with Russia. Germany would not be able to stand against the combined power of the two countries and hence decided to take them on individually. After the crisis in Morocco in 1906, more of military arsenal was acquired by most countries in Europe to meet threats arising from the training plans undertaken by the Russian armed forces. It was believed that Russia had acquired arms to such an extent that no country coul d stand against it in the event of a war. Under such circumstances Germany made plans of conducting defensive attacks in order to successfully combat the Triple Entente (McKay p. 885). Most countries had begun to expand their armies and navies. The armies of France and Germany had doubled between 1870 and 1914. There was increasing competition between Germany and Britain to expand their respective navies. It was decided by the British in 1889 that the empire must have a navy that is at least two and a half times larger than the second largest navy. Such a decision inspired Britain to launch the Dreadnought which was conceived in 1906 by Admiral Sir Fisher. The effectiveness of such battle ships was amply demonstrated in the Russo Japanese War of 1905. Accordingly, Germany too increased production of battle ships. Despite efforts for disarmament during the Hague Conference of 1907, international rivalry led the arms race to pick up pace. After the Morocco crisis in 1905, Germany declared its intention to support the cause of independent Morocco, which was given to France by Britain in 1904. France was defended by the British and a war was averted because of the 1906 international conference in Algeciras which permitted France to treat Morocco as a French protectorate. There was another conflict which happened because of the annexation of Bosnia by Austria-Hungary in 1908. The Great Serbian Movement’s objective was to acquire Slavic Bosnia which made Serbia to give threats of war on Austria-Hungary. Russia had already sided with Serbia and thus began to mobilize its forces which made Germany to threaten Russia with war. In a way World War I was postponed after Russia backed out because of the threat, but at the same time relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary continued to deteriorate. There was a crisis for the second time in Morocco in 1911 when warships were sent to Agadir by Germany in protest against French occupation of Morocco. This time also Britain supported France and warned Germany of serious consequences. But Germany agreed to allow France free access to Morocco only if a part of French Congo was given to it. The Balkan Wars of 1912-13 saw the Turks being driven back to Constantinople while the Balkan States fought amongst themselves over control of territories. The breaking point was reached in Europe on 28 June, 1914 when heir to the Austrian-Hungarian throne was killed in Sarajevo by a Serb who belonged to Black Hand organization. Immediately Germany pledged full support to Austria-Hungary and pressurized them to declare war on Serbia. At the same time France reiterated full support to Russia. In being convinced that Serbia had conspired against the interests of Austria-Hungary, the country issued an ultimatum to Serbia, to which Serbia consented immediately. War was declared on Serbia by Austria-Hungary on July 28, 1914, and on July 29 Russia started partially mobilizing its army in support of Serbia. Germany threatened war if Russia did not withdraw its forces while France also started to mobilize in anticipation of war between Russia and Germany. War was declared by Germany on Russia on August 1 and France entered the war after two days. Britain joined the war after Germany invaded Belgium in violation of Belgium’s officially declared neutrality. The World War I had commenced. References McKay J P, (2007). A History of Western Society: Volume 2. Bedford/St. Martins. Research Papers on Long and Short Term Causes of the First World WarAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Analysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasBringing Democracy to AfricaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and Canada

English Composition Writing Tips How to Make Yours Paper Truly Awesome

English Composition Writing Tips How to Make Yours Paper Truly Awesome English Composition Writing Tips: How to Make Yours Paper Truly Awesome Would you like to upgrade your English composition writing skills? If so, this composition writing guide can help. Before you begin to write the paper there is some work you will need to do ahead of time to make the process run smoothly. Begin with reading the assignment. I know that is stating the obvious, but we thought we should throw it out there as there are a great deal of assignments where this critical step is missed. Necessary Writing Exercises to Perform Beforehand Next, you can get out a notebook and begin writing. Not the actual composition, but just your thoughts about the paper. Think of it as a diary, it is for your eyes only, so write whatever you want. This is like a warm up before the big game because it gets your mind â€Å"worked out†. It also helps to spur ideas because you are writing without the constraints and requirements of the assignment in mind.   This is also a good time to try out a web diagram or cluster bubble where you place your topic or main idea in a circle in center of the paper and draw lines out to other bubbles and write ideas or observations. Later you can go back and connect related ideas with other lines or â€Å"webs†. Critical Elements: The Thesis and Outline The final thing you should do before you begin the actual writing is to draft an outline and write your thesis. This is where your diary writing will come in handy.   Use the main ideas and topic to fashion the outline. By this stage of the process you should have an idea of your thesis because you can not start writing without it. Your thesis is generally a summation of the point your essay is trying to make. The thesis should be specific and make a good topic for a discussion, in other words, an undecided issue or even a controversial point. Make Your Case Reread your thesis and consider the argument for your thesis. You will need to write about 5 paragraphs for each point your thesis makes. This is not a hard and fast rule, but a general guideline. You will need about 5 paragraphs to â€Å"prove† your thesis argument. Support Your Case Next consider your main points. You will need to substantiate your main points by using reasoning and proof. Proof may include the actions of the characters who are the subject of your book. Reasoning is your thought process or logic regarding how you formulated your main points. Remember, your thesis is your argument and you are trying to get the reader to see things your way.   If you come to this stage of writing and find that your thesis is too weak, stop and reformulate it. It is central to your essay so there must be a strong argument that you can back up. Rough Draft Revision Have someone read the rough draft and give feedback. You will need a fresh pair of eyes to see elements you may have missed. It is also a good idea to wait at least one day between the rough draft and revision, to give your mind time to marinate in the subject. This of course can only be done if time permits. Be open to making changes and consider the feedback given. Be sure to remove redundant sentences, clarify any confusing pieces and even consider eliminating the weakest points from the essay so it will be succinct and strong. Proofreading This goes without saying, but the final step should be proofreading the paper. You might also have another student proofread the paper and in exchange proofread theirs. As the saying goes, â€Å"Two heads are better than one†.

Sustainable Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sustainable Operations Management - Essay Example Its main focus is on the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes involved in value creation for sustainable development and growth. The term sustainability aims at keeping a balance between the human needs and prevention of the ecosystems on which our future generation depends. In specific, it refers to the exploitation of resources with the orientation of technological changes and minimal environmental damage to the present as well as future needs. The adoption of sustainable development theory is at an ever growing pace with the increased awareness of eco-friendly environment and analysis has indicated that since after the introduction of UN Agenda 21 (Moore, pp. 20-28, 2008), things seem to accelerate significantly in this area. In order to compete with the global market, businesses are paying more attention towards the environmental consequences of their products or services. They have realized the importance of operations strategy to support the company’s objectives and corporate goals. This trend has transformed the nature of operations to green product design, triple bottom line reporting and close-loop supply chains (Lippmann, pp. 1-9, 1999). The involvement of operations management is present from strategic to tactical and operational levels. Its activities include â€Å"site location, layout and structure, inventory management, traffic and materials handling, equipment selection and maintenance, designing technology supply chains, etc† (Metz, 1998). In this regard, this paper will focus on the issues companies confront while developing their policies regarding sustainable development (Moore, pp. 29-33, 2008) in the area of supply chain management. Supply Chain Management The term supply chain interchangeably used as ‘demand chain’ or ‘value chain’ refers to the voluntary commitments made by the companies to manage better relations with the suppliers (Metz, 1998). It manages in three different directions: t he information flow in all the departments, the funds flow and the materials flow to the concerned places. As the aim of this assignment is to identify and discuss some of the key issues faced by the companies in the development of a sustainable supply chain policy, it has been an observation that companies have realized that the value they provide to their customers in the form of a product or service is not enough to survive in this competitive world (Webb, pp. 1-5, 2000). There is a constant need to address and resolve the sustainability issues throughout the supply chain. â€Å"Some of the most popular and important approaches to SCM includes collaborative planning, outsourcing, customers-suppliers partnership and ISC (integrated supply chain) design† (OECD, 1999). In specific, there are three dimensions on the basis of which a sustainable supply chain policy is developed. Particularly, UN Agenda 21 (Moore, pp. 29-33, 2008) divided the dimensions in two categories: social and economic. However, this paper has identified environmental, social, and ethical concerns that directly affect the performance and image of the company. Environmental Issues: a) the use of natural resources b) gas emissions c) waste management concerns d) harmful substances e) energy consumption f) deforestation g) global warming h) ozone depletion i) Nuclear radiation. Social Issues: a) Role and responsibility of the company towards the social